奉试明堂火珠
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唐代]：崔曙
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正位开重屋，凌空出火珠。
夜来双月满，曙后一星孤。
天净光难灭，云生望欲无。
遥知太平代，国宝在名都。
奉试明堂火珠译文及注释
译文
帝王正位建造明堂重屋，明堂顶上凌空耸立火珠。
夜晚就像两个月亮升天，日晓月落高空一颗孤星。
天色明净珠光难以泯灭，云彩生起远望若有若无。
早就知晓在这太平盛世，有国宝必定出现在名都。
注释
明堂：为当时朝廷的听政殿，火珠：明堂屋顶上用来装饰美化的宝珠。
正位：谓正式登位、就职。按明堂之制，肇自上古，为帝王宣政教、祀宗祖之所。故帝王正位，必造明堂。《后汉书·皇后纪序》：“后正位宫闱，同体天王。”重屋：重檐之屋。明堂建筑，上圆下方，有两层，上层祭天，下层有五室，谓之“重屋”。唐李白《明堂赋》：“采殷制，酌夏步。杂以代室重屋之名，括以辰次火木之数。”
凌空：高升到天空或耸立空中。一作“中天”。北魏郦道元《水经注·济水》：“水上有连理树，其树柞栎也，南北对生，凌空交合。”
夜来：入夜。唐杜甫《遣怀》诗：“夜来归鸟尽，啼杀后栖鸦。”双月：指火珠、月亮。满：一作“合”。
曙：天刚亮。一星：指火珠。
天净：天空明净。
遥知太平代：一作“还知圣明代”。太平：谓时世安宁和平。《吕氏春秋·大乐》：“天下太平，万物安宁。”
国宝：指火珠。此以火珠指明堂顶上宝珠。名都：著名的都城。汉班固《西都赋》：“若乃观其四郊，浮游近县，则南望杜霸，北眺五陵。名都对郭，邑居相承。”
参考资料：
1、彭国忠 等．唐代试律诗．合肥：黄山书社 ，2006：16-18
奉试明堂火珠创作背景
此诗是作者在唐玄宗开元二十六年（738年）参加科举考试的省试时所作。《文苑英华》卷一八六把此诗归入“省试”类。此题唐人存诗仅此一首。
参考资料：
1、彭国忠 等．唐代试律诗．合肥：黄山书社 ，2006：16-18
奉试明堂火珠鉴赏
唐代试律诗一般为六韵，此诗则是一首四韵诗的典例和佳作。毛奇龄《唐人试帖》根据荆冬倩“奉试”诗亦为四韵认为可能是当时官限如此，而直至后来，“奉试”诗才又变为六韵。
此诗寥寥数句就突出了明堂上的火珠明亮耀眼的特点。首两句从明堂入笔点出火珠，接下来四句则写了火珠的光辉。作者以月与星作比，可谓妙绝。“夜来双月满”之“双月”，一实指天上的月亮，一喻指明堂的火珠，两者并举就说明火珠皎洁光白之至与天下月亮无二，仿佛又一轮明月遗落人间，两月同散发出柔和的微光为夜晚增添了不少景趣。夸张、衬托至极致。而“曙后一星孤”句对仗工整，描写的是天亮月亮落下后的景象：虽然月亮消失了，但火珠的光辉不减，就像一颗永挂天边的星星。“天净光难灭，云生望欲无”二句，继续写火珠之光，写出了其珠光闪闪的特点。最后，诗人以颂扬作结。因火珠乃他国所献之宝物，有此盛事正说明国家之强大及时代之太平。结句遣字用词还算颇有气势，只是意义平平，未免落入俗套。
此诗虽有宫体诗味，但取景空阔，清明自然，不失名家气度。诗中“夜来双月满，曙后一星孤”一联历来受人关注。此联描写的是明堂上的火珠，在夜晚与月光相衬如同一双明月，而曙后天明月亮西沉时，火珠仍然如一颗孤星在明堂屋顶上闪闪发光。后来有人把“曙后一星孤”一句别解为崔曙死后只留下一个名叫星星的女儿。《分门古今类事》“崔曙一星”：“崔曙作《明堂火珠》诗云：‘’时称佳句。未几。曙卒。无子，惟一女，名星星。星，盖其谶也。”在这样的附会之下，“曙后一星孤”竟然成了诗谶。
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杜牧《
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鹭鸶》
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杜荀鹤《
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小松》
崔曙简介
唐代·崔曙的简介
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崔曙(约704-739)，河南登封人，开元二十三年第一名进士，但只做过河南尉一类的小官。曾隐居河南嵩山。以《试明堂火珠》诗得名。其诗多写景摹物，同时寄寓乡愁友思。词句对仗工整，辞气多悲。代表作有《早发交崖山还太室作》、《奉试明堂火珠》、《途中晓发》、《缑（音gou沟）山庙》、《登水门楼，见亡友张贞期题望黄河诗，因以感兴》、《对雨送郑陵》等。其诗中“天净光难灭，云生望欲无”、“涧水流年月，山云变古今”、“旅望因高尽，乡心遇物悲”、“流落年将晚，悲凉物已秋”等都是极佳的对句。诗一卷（全唐诗上卷第一百五十五）。
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